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Kumar, Parmanand

Soil Organic Carbon Pools under Terminalia chebula Retz. based Agroforestry Systemin Himalayan Foothills, Indiax

Abstract Views :246 | PDF Views:86

Authors

Amit Kumar ¹, G. K. Dwivedi ¹, Salil Tewari ¹, Jaipaul ¹, V. K. Sah ¹, Hukum Singh ², Parmanand Kumar ², Narendra Kumar ², Rajesh Kaushal ³

Affiliations
1 Agroforestry Section, College of Agriculture, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, U.S. Nagar 243 145, IN
2 Forest Ecology and Climate Change Division, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun 248 006, IN
3 ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Dehradun 248 001, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 118, No 7 (2020), Pagination: 1098-1103

Abstract

Knowledge of carbon (C) pools in soils is helpful in devising practices for efficient carbon management in intensive cropping systems. Carbon fractions of soil organic carbon are used asan indicator for land-use induced change in soil quality. The present study evaluated carbon pools under Terminalia chebula(chebulic myrobalan) based agroforestry system supplied with different nutrient sources, viz. farmyard manure, poultry manure, vermicompost, wheat straw and inorganic fertilizer (NPK @ 100:80:60). Carbon fractions, viz. very labile (C₁ frac), labile (C₂ frac), less labile (C₃ frac) and non-labile (C₄ frac), were analysed at 0–15 and 15–30 cm soil depth. The higher value of C₁ frac (13.8%), C₂ frac (4.8%), C₃ frac (8.3%) and C₄ frac(11.1%) were recorded under agroforestry as compared to open system. Among the nutrient sources, all the carbon fractions were higher under 100% integrated nutrient sources as compared to controlled treatment. Microbial biomass carbon (MBC) was recorded higher (298.31 μg g^–1 ) under agroforestry system compared to the open system (290.63 μg g^–1 ) at 0–15 cm. Among the different nutrient sources, higher MBC (458.66 μg g^–1 ) at 0–15 cm and lower (340.59 μg g^–1 ) at 15–30 cm soil depth was recorded in 100% integrated treatment.Thus, agroforestry-based land-use types and integrated nutrient management are more efficient for soil health and carbon management in Himalayan foothills.

Keywords

Active Pool, Carbon Fractions, Labile, Nonlabile, Nutrient Sources, Passive Pool.

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References

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Assessment of Soil Carbon Dioxide Efflux and its Controlling Factors in Moist Temperate Forest of West Himalayas

Abstract Views :219 | PDF Views:80

Authors

Parmanand Kumar ¹, Ranjeet Singh ¹, Hukum Singh ¹, Tara Chand ¹, N. Bala ¹

Affiliations
1 Forest Ecology and Climate Change Division, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun 248 006, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 119, No 4 (2020), Pagination: 661-669

Abstract

In this study, the soil CO₂ efflux was measured by closed dynamic system method along with soil and meteorological parameters at 1600, 1700 and 1800 m elevations along different directional-aspects over a period of one year. The annual CO₂ efflux rate (F_c) varied from 1.02 to 22.57 μmol m^–2 sec^–1, which was highest in the rainy season. The annual average F_c was maximum (8.67 μmol m^–2 sec^–1) at east facing slope followed by 7.58 and 7.32 μmol m^–2 sec^–1 at south facing slope and north facing slope respectively. Temperature (T_s), moisture (S_m) and evaporation of soil were found to be significant variables and selected to develop the regression model with R² value of 0.85. The effect of soil moisture on F_c above 15°C T_s exhibited a better relationship with R² value of 0.48 and temperature sensitivity (Q10) was found 3.25. This study reveals that the key controlling factors of CO₂ efflux rate are soil moisture and soil temperature, which explains 66% variation in soil CO₂ efflux.

Keywords

Seasonal Variation, Soil CO₂ Efflux, Soil Moisture, Soil Temperature, Spatial Variation, West Himalayas.

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Biomass Accumulation and Carbon Stock in Different Agroforestry Systems Prevalent in the Himalayan Foothills, India

Abstract Views :237 | PDF Views:80

Authors

Amit Kumar ¹, Salil Tewari ², Hukum Singh ¹, Parmanand Kumar ¹, Narendra Kumar ¹, Sarita Bisht ¹, Suruchi Devi ¹, Nidhi ¹, Rajesh Kaushal ³

Affiliations
1 Forest Research Institute, Dehradun 248 006, IN
2 G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar 263 145, IN
3 ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Dehradun 248 001, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 120, No 6 (2021), Pagination: 1083-1088

Abstract

Agroforestry has great potential for carbon (C) sequestration among different land uses of the Himalayan region, India. However, our knowledge of C sequestration in particular, agroforestry system around the world is poor. Therefore, we conducted a study to understand biomass accumulation and carbon allocation in different components of the agroforestry system. The highest stem biomass was recorded in Eucalyptus tereticornis (69.43 ± 0.90 Mg ha^–1), branch biomass in Populus deltoids (5.04 ± 0.35 Mg ha^–1), leaf biomass also in P. deltoids (2.21 ± 0.12 Mg ha^–1), and ischolar_main biomass in Albizia procera (14.01 ± 0.44 Mg ha^–1). The highest (81.01%) C allocation was recorded in the stem of Toona ciliate, branch of P. deltoids (5.73%), leaves of E. tereticornis (2.93%) and ischolar_main of Anthocephalus cadamba (16.83%). The highest CO₂< mitigation (160.5 ± 2.55 Mg CO₂ ha^–1) and C sequestration (45.33 ± 0.60 Mg ha^–1) were recorded in E. tereticornis. The highest wheat crop biomass (11.85 ± 0.23 Mg ha^–1) and C stock (3.59 ± 0.05 Mg ha^–1) were recorded in P. deltiodes. However, soil carbon stock was recorded in E. tereticornis (37.5 ± 3.52 Mg ha^–1). Thus, trees on farmlands with crops are suitable for biomass production and C allocation in different components under changing climatic scenarios.

Keywords

Agroforestry System, Biomass, Carbon Stock, Carbon Dioxide Mitigation, Climate Change.

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Relationship of Physiological Plant Functional Traits With Soil Carbon Stock in The Temperate Forest of Garhwal Himalaya

Abstract Views :182 | PDF Views:74

Authors

Amit Kumar ¹, Parmanand Kumar ¹, Hukum Singh ¹, Sarita Bisht ¹, Narendra Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Forest Ecology and Climate Change Division, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun 248 006, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 120, No 8 (2021), Pagination: 1368-1373

Abstract

The composition of species can play an essential role in reducing the atmospheric carbon dioxide. Forest trees are an important part of the functioning of the terrestrial ecosystem, predominantly in the cycling of carbon. However, tree physiology is much less studied than crop physiology for several reasons: a large number of species, difficulty in measuring photosynthesis of tall trees or forest species. This study aims to establish the relationship between physiological plant functional traits (photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, leaf chlorophyll and carotenoid content) with soil carbon stock in Pinus roxburghii forest of Garhwal Himalaya. The present findings revealed that photosynthesis rate, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid content positively correlated to the soil carbon stock. The different regression models also showed that photosynthesis rate with water-use efficiency, stomatal conductance and carotenoid content is a good predictor of soil carbon stock in Pinus roxburghii forest. Physiological plant functional characteristics are thus crucial for regulating the carbon cycle and ecosystem functioning in Garhwal Himalaya.

Keywords

Carbon Assimilation, Ecosystem Services, Soil Carbon, Water-Use Efficiency.

Full Text

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Soil and Water Conservation Techniques Based Land Degradation Neutrality: A Need-Based Solution for Degraded Lands in Indian Perspective

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Authors

Anand K. Gupta ¹, Pawan Kumar ¹, A. C. Rathore ¹, Parmanand Kumar ², Rajesh Kaushal ¹, Sadikul Islam ³, Devi Deen Yadav ⁴, D. K. Jigyasu ⁵, H. Mehta ¹

Affiliations
1 Plant Science Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Dehradun 248 195, IN
2 Forest Research Institute, Chakarata Road, Dehradun 248 001, IN
3 Hydrology and Engineering Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Dehradun 248 195, IN
4 Soil Science and Agronomy Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Dehradun 248 195, IN
5 Central Muga Eri Research and Training Institute, Jorhat 785 700, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 121, No 10 (2021), Pagination: 1343-1347

Abstract

Land degradation neutrality (LDN) adopted in 2015 as target 15.3 of sustainable development goals (SDGs), is a challenge as well as opportunity in the present world to restore the degraded lands. Soil and water conservation (SWC) techniques in the form of bio-engineering measures have vast potential to attain LDN in sustainable manner. India has already announced a LDN target of 26 mha and is fully determined to meet the target by 2030. Therefore, this article proposes and recommends incorporation of SWC measures in effective ways at policy level as key to the success of LDN

Keywords

Degraded Land Restoration, Ecosystem Services, LDN, SDGs, SWC Techniques.

Full Text

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